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async_asos_client

Async KMA ASOS (Automated Synoptic Observing System) API client.

This module provides a client for accessing the Korea Meteorological Administration's ASOS (종관기상관측) API for surface weather observations.

AsyncASOSClient

Async client for KMA ASOS API.

The ASOS system collects atmospheric data at standardized times across all observation stations, measuring temperature, precipitation, pressure, humidity, wind direction/speed, solar radiation, sunshine duration, and snow depth.

Source code in python/src/kma_mcp/surface/async_asos_client.py 
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class AsyncASOSClient:
    """Async client for KMA ASOS API.

    The ASOS system collects atmospheric data at standardized times across all
    observation stations, measuring temperature, precipitation, pressure, humidity,
    wind direction/speed, solar radiation, sunshine duration, and snow depth.
    """

    BASE_URL = 'https://apihub.kma.go.kr/api/typ01/url'

    def __init__(self, auth_key: str, timeout: float = 30.0) -> None:
        """Initialize ASOS client.

        Args:
            auth_key: KMA API authentication key
            timeout: Request timeout in seconds (default: 30.0)
        """
        self.auth_key = auth_key
        self.timeout = timeout
        self._client = httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=timeout)

    async def __aenter__(self) -> 'AsyncASOSClient':
        """Async context manager entry."""
        return self

    async def __aexit__(self, *args: object) -> None:
        """Async context manager exit."""
        await self.close()

    async def close(self) -> None:
        """Close the HTTP client."""
        await self._client.aclose()

    async def _make_request(self, endpoint: str, params: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
        """Make HTTP request to ASOS API.

        Args:
            endpoint: API endpoint path
            params: Query parameters

        Returns:
            API response as dictionary

        Raises:
            httpx.HTTPError: If request fails
        """
        params['authKey'] = self.auth_key
        url = f'{self.BASE_URL}/{endpoint}'
        response = await self._client.get(url, params=params)
        response.raise_for_status()
        return response.json()

    async def get_hourly_data(
        self,
        tm: str | datetime,
        stn: int | str = 0,
    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
        """Get hourly observation data for a single time.

        Args:
            tm: Time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object
            stn: Station number (0 for all stations, or specific station number)

        Returns:
            Hourly observation data

        Example:
            >>> async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key')
            >>> ...     data = await client.get_hourly_data('202501011200')
            >>> # Or using datetime
            >>> from datetime import datetime
            >>> ...     data = await client.get_hourly_data(datetime(2025, 1, 1, 12, 0))
        """
        if isinstance(tm, datetime):
            tm = tm.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M')

        params = {'tm': tm, 'stn': str(stn), 'help': '0'}
        return await self._make_request('kma_sfctm2.php', params)

    async def get_hourly_period(
        self,
        tm1: str | datetime,
        tm2: str | datetime,
        stn: int | str = 0,
    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
        """Get hourly observation data for a time period.

        Args:
            tm1: Start time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object
            tm2: End time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object
                 (maximum 31 days from tm1)
            stn: Station number (0 for all stations)

        Returns:
            Hourly observation data for the period

        Example:
            >>> async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key')
            >>> ...     data = await client.get_hourly_period('202501010000', '202501020000')
        """
        if isinstance(tm1, datetime):
            tm1 = tm1.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M')
        if isinstance(tm2, datetime):
            tm2 = tm2.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M')

        params = {'tm1': tm1, 'tm2': tm2, 'stn': str(stn), 'help': '0'}
        return await self._make_request('kma_sfctm3.php', params)

    async def get_daily_data(
        self,
        tm: str | datetime,
        stn: int | str = 0,
        disp: int = 0,
    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
        """Get daily observation data for a single day.

        Args:
            tm: Date in 'YYYYMMDD' format or datetime object
            stn: Station number (0 for all stations)
            disp: Display option (default: 0)

        Returns:
            Daily observation data

        Example:
            >>> async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key')
            >>> ...     data = await client.get_daily_data('20250101')
        """
        if isinstance(tm, datetime):
            tm = tm.strftime('%Y%m%d')

        params = {'tm': tm, 'stn': str(stn), 'disp': str(disp), 'help': '0'}
        return await self._make_request('kma_sfcdd.php', params)

    async def get_daily_period(
        self,
        tm1: str | datetime,
        tm2: str | datetime,
        stn: int | str = 0,
        obs: str = '',
        mode: int = 0,
    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
        """Get daily observation data for a time period.

        Args:
            tm1: Start date in 'YYYYMMDD' format or datetime object
            tm2: End date in 'YYYYMMDD' format or datetime object
            stn: Station number (0 for all stations)
            obs: Observation element code (empty for all)
            mode: Mode option (default: 0)

        Returns:
            Daily observation data for the period

        Example:
            >>> async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key')
            >>> ...     data = await client.get_daily_period('20250101', '20250131')
        """
        if isinstance(tm1, datetime):
            tm1 = tm1.strftime('%Y%m%d')
        if isinstance(tm2, datetime):
            tm2 = tm2.strftime('%Y%m%d')

        params = {
            'tm1': tm1,
            'tm2': tm2,
            'stn': str(stn),
            'obs': obs,
            'mode': str(mode),
            'help': '0',
        }
        return await self._make_request('kma_sfcdd3.php', params)

    async def get_element_data(
        self,
        tm1: str | datetime,
        tm2: str | datetime,
        obs: str,
        stn: int | str = 0,
    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
        """Get specific element observation data for a time period.

        Args:
            tm1: Start time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object
            tm2: End time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object
            obs: Observation element code
            stn: Station number (0 for all stations)

        Returns:
            Element-specific observation data

        Example:
            >>> async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key')
            >>> # Get temperature data
            >>> ...     data = await client.get_element_data('202501010000', '202501020000', 'TA')
        """
        if isinstance(tm1, datetime):
            tm1 = tm1.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M')
        if isinstance(tm2, datetime):
            tm2 = tm2.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M')

        params = {'tm1': tm1, 'tm2': tm2, 'obs': obs, 'stn': str(stn), 'help': '0'}
        return await self._make_request('kma_sfctm5.php', params)

    async def get_normals(
        self,
        norm: Literal['D', 'S', 'M', 'Y'],
        tmst: Literal[1991, 2001, 2011, 2021],
        mm1: int,
        dd1: int,
        mm2: int | None = None,
        dd2: int | None = None,
        stn: int | str = 0,
    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
        """Get climate normal values for a period.

        Documented endpoint: sfc_norm1.php
        Reference: API_ENDPOINT_Surface.md line 91-106

        Args:
            norm: Normal period type:
                - 'D': Daily (일)
                - 'S': 10-day period (순)
                - 'M': Monthly (월)
                - 'Y': Yearly (연)
            tmst: Climate normal period:
                - 1991: 1961-1990
                - 2001: 1971-2000
                - 2011: 1981-2010
                - 2021: 1991-2020
            mm1: Start month
            dd1: Start day (for 'S' type: 100=early, 200=middle, 300=late)
            mm2: End month (optional, defaults to mm1)
            dd2: End day (optional, defaults to dd1)
            stn: Station number (0 for all stations)

        Returns:
            Climate normal values for the period

        Example:
            >>> async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key') as client:
            ...     # Get daily normals for May 1-2
            ...     data = await client.get_normals('D', 2021, mm1=5, dd1=1, mm2=5, dd2=2)
            ...     # Get monthly normals for May
            ...     data = await client.get_normals('M', 2021, mm1=5, dd1=1)
            ...     # Get 10-day period normals (early May)
            ...     data = await client.get_normals('S', 2021, mm1=5, dd1=100)
        """
        if mm2 is None:
            mm2 = mm1
        if dd2 is None:
            dd2 = dd1

        params = {
            'norm': norm,
            'tmst': str(tmst),
            'stn': str(stn),
            'MM1': str(mm1),
            'DD1': str(dd1),
            'MM2': str(mm2),
            'DD2': str(dd2),
            'help': '1',
        }
        return await self._make_request('sfc_norm1.php', params)

close() async

Close the HTTP client.

Source code in python/src/kma_mcp/surface/async_asos_client.py 
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async def close(self) -> None:
    """Close the HTTP client."""
    await self._client.aclose()

get_daily_data(tm, stn=0, disp=0) async

Get daily observation data for a single day.

Parameters:

  • tm (str | datetime) –

    Date in 'YYYYMMDD' format or datetime object

  • stn (int | str, default: 0 ) –

    Station number (0 for all stations)

  • disp (int, default: 0 ) –

    Display option (default: 0)

Returns:

Example

async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key') ... data = await client.get_daily_data('20250101')

Source code in python/src/kma_mcp/surface/async_asos_client.py 
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async def get_daily_data(
    self,
    tm: str | datetime,
    stn: int | str = 0,
    disp: int = 0,
) -> dict[str, Any]:
    """Get daily observation data for a single day.

    Args:
        tm: Date in 'YYYYMMDD' format or datetime object
        stn: Station number (0 for all stations)
        disp: Display option (default: 0)

    Returns:
        Daily observation data

    Example:
        >>> async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key')
        >>> ...     data = await client.get_daily_data('20250101')
    """
    if isinstance(tm, datetime):
        tm = tm.strftime('%Y%m%d')

    params = {'tm': tm, 'stn': str(stn), 'disp': str(disp), 'help': '0'}
    return await self._make_request('kma_sfcdd.php', params)

get_daily_period(tm1, tm2, stn=0, obs='', mode=0) async

Get daily observation data for a time period.

Parameters:

  • tm1 (str | datetime) –

    Start date in 'YYYYMMDD' format or datetime object

  • tm2 (str | datetime) –

    End date in 'YYYYMMDD' format or datetime object

  • stn (int | str, default: 0 ) –

    Station number (0 for all stations)

  • obs (str, default: '' ) –

    Observation element code (empty for all)

  • mode (int, default: 0 ) –

    Mode option (default: 0)

Returns:

  • dict[str, Any] –

    Daily observation data for the period

Example

async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key') ... data = await client.get_daily_period('20250101', '20250131')

Source code in python/src/kma_mcp/surface/async_asos_client.py 
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async def get_daily_period(
    self,
    tm1: str | datetime,
    tm2: str | datetime,
    stn: int | str = 0,
    obs: str = '',
    mode: int = 0,
) -> dict[str, Any]:
    """Get daily observation data for a time period.

    Args:
        tm1: Start date in 'YYYYMMDD' format or datetime object
        tm2: End date in 'YYYYMMDD' format or datetime object
        stn: Station number (0 for all stations)
        obs: Observation element code (empty for all)
        mode: Mode option (default: 0)

    Returns:
        Daily observation data for the period

    Example:
        >>> async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key')
        >>> ...     data = await client.get_daily_period('20250101', '20250131')
    """
    if isinstance(tm1, datetime):
        tm1 = tm1.strftime('%Y%m%d')
    if isinstance(tm2, datetime):
        tm2 = tm2.strftime('%Y%m%d')

    params = {
        'tm1': tm1,
        'tm2': tm2,
        'stn': str(stn),
        'obs': obs,
        'mode': str(mode),
        'help': '0',
    }
    return await self._make_request('kma_sfcdd3.php', params)

get_element_data(tm1, tm2, obs, stn=0) async

Get specific element observation data for a time period.

Parameters:

  • tm1 (str | datetime) –

    Start time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object

  • tm2 (str | datetime) –

    End time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object

  • obs (str) –

    Observation element code

  • stn (int | str, default: 0 ) –

    Station number (0 for all stations)

Returns:

  • dict[str, Any] –

    Element-specific observation data

Example

async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key')

Get temperature data

... data = await client.get_element_data('202501010000', '202501020000', 'TA')

Source code in python/src/kma_mcp/surface/async_asos_client.py 
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async def get_element_data(
    self,
    tm1: str | datetime,
    tm2: str | datetime,
    obs: str,
    stn: int | str = 0,
) -> dict[str, Any]:
    """Get specific element observation data for a time period.

    Args:
        tm1: Start time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object
        tm2: End time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object
        obs: Observation element code
        stn: Station number (0 for all stations)

    Returns:
        Element-specific observation data

    Example:
        >>> async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key')
        >>> # Get temperature data
        >>> ...     data = await client.get_element_data('202501010000', '202501020000', 'TA')
    """
    if isinstance(tm1, datetime):
        tm1 = tm1.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M')
    if isinstance(tm2, datetime):
        tm2 = tm2.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M')

    params = {'tm1': tm1, 'tm2': tm2, 'obs': obs, 'stn': str(stn), 'help': '0'}
    return await self._make_request('kma_sfctm5.php', params)

get_hourly_data(tm, stn=0) async

Get hourly observation data for a single time.

Parameters:

  • tm (str | datetime) –

    Time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object

  • stn (int | str, default: 0 ) –

    Station number (0 for all stations, or specific station number)

Returns:

Example

async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key') ... data = await client.get_hourly_data('202501011200')

Or using datetime

from datetime import datetime ... data = await client.get_hourly_data(datetime(2025, 1, 1, 12, 0))

Source code in python/src/kma_mcp/surface/async_asos_client.py 
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async def get_hourly_data(
    self,
    tm: str | datetime,
    stn: int | str = 0,
) -> dict[str, Any]:
    """Get hourly observation data for a single time.

    Args:
        tm: Time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object
        stn: Station number (0 for all stations, or specific station number)

    Returns:
        Hourly observation data

    Example:
        >>> async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key')
        >>> ...     data = await client.get_hourly_data('202501011200')
        >>> # Or using datetime
        >>> from datetime import datetime
        >>> ...     data = await client.get_hourly_data(datetime(2025, 1, 1, 12, 0))
    """
    if isinstance(tm, datetime):
        tm = tm.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M')

    params = {'tm': tm, 'stn': str(stn), 'help': '0'}
    return await self._make_request('kma_sfctm2.php', params)

get_hourly_period(tm1, tm2, stn=0) async

Get hourly observation data for a time period.

Parameters:

  • tm1 (str | datetime) –

    Start time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object

  • tm2 (str | datetime) –

    End time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object (maximum 31 days from tm1)

  • stn (int | str, default: 0 ) –

    Station number (0 for all stations)

Returns:

  • dict[str, Any] –

    Hourly observation data for the period

Example

async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key') ... data = await client.get_hourly_period('202501010000', '202501020000')

Source code in python/src/kma_mcp/surface/async_asos_client.py 
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async def get_hourly_period(
    self,
    tm1: str | datetime,
    tm2: str | datetime,
    stn: int | str = 0,
) -> dict[str, Any]:
    """Get hourly observation data for a time period.

    Args:
        tm1: Start time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object
        tm2: End time in 'YYYYMMDDHHmm' format or datetime object
             (maximum 31 days from tm1)
        stn: Station number (0 for all stations)

    Returns:
        Hourly observation data for the period

    Example:
        >>> async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key')
        >>> ...     data = await client.get_hourly_period('202501010000', '202501020000')
    """
    if isinstance(tm1, datetime):
        tm1 = tm1.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M')
    if isinstance(tm2, datetime):
        tm2 = tm2.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M')

    params = {'tm1': tm1, 'tm2': tm2, 'stn': str(stn), 'help': '0'}
    return await self._make_request('kma_sfctm3.php', params)

get_normals(norm, tmst, mm1, dd1, mm2=None, dd2=None, stn=0) async

Get climate normal values for a period.

Documented endpoint: sfc_norm1.php Reference: API_ENDPOINT_Surface.md line 91-106

Parameters:

  • norm (Literal['D', 'S', 'M', 'Y']) –

    Normal period type: - 'D': Daily (일) - 'S': 10-day period (순) - 'M': Monthly (월) - 'Y': Yearly (연)

  • tmst (Literal[1991, 2001, 2011, 2021]) –

    Climate normal period: - 1991: 1961-1990 - 2001: 1971-2000 - 2011: 1981-2010 - 2021: 1991-2020

  • mm1 (int) –

    Start month

  • dd1 (int) –

    Start day (for 'S' type: 100=early, 200=middle, 300=late)

  • mm2 (int | None, default: None ) –

    End month (optional, defaults to mm1)

  • dd2 (int | None, default: None ) –

    End day (optional, defaults to dd1)

  • stn (int | str, default: 0 ) –

    Station number (0 for all stations)

Returns:

  • dict[str, Any] –

    Climate normal values for the period

Example

async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key') as client: ... # Get daily normals for May 1-2 ... data = await client.get_normals('D', 2021, mm1=5, dd1=1, mm2=5, dd2=2) ... # Get monthly normals for May ... data = await client.get_normals('M', 2021, mm1=5, dd1=1) ... # Get 10-day period normals (early May) ... data = await client.get_normals('S', 2021, mm1=5, dd1=100)

Source code in python/src/kma_mcp/surface/async_asos_client.py 
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async def get_normals(
    self,
    norm: Literal['D', 'S', 'M', 'Y'],
    tmst: Literal[1991, 2001, 2011, 2021],
    mm1: int,
    dd1: int,
    mm2: int | None = None,
    dd2: int | None = None,
    stn: int | str = 0,
) -> dict[str, Any]:
    """Get climate normal values for a period.

    Documented endpoint: sfc_norm1.php
    Reference: API_ENDPOINT_Surface.md line 91-106

    Args:
        norm: Normal period type:
            - 'D': Daily (일)
            - 'S': 10-day period (순)
            - 'M': Monthly (월)
            - 'Y': Yearly (연)
        tmst: Climate normal period:
            - 1991: 1961-1990
            - 2001: 1971-2000
            - 2011: 1981-2010
            - 2021: 1991-2020
        mm1: Start month
        dd1: Start day (for 'S' type: 100=early, 200=middle, 300=late)
        mm2: End month (optional, defaults to mm1)
        dd2: End day (optional, defaults to dd1)
        stn: Station number (0 for all stations)

    Returns:
        Climate normal values for the period

    Example:
        >>> async with AsyncASOSClient('your_auth_key') as client:
        ...     # Get daily normals for May 1-2
        ...     data = await client.get_normals('D', 2021, mm1=5, dd1=1, mm2=5, dd2=2)
        ...     # Get monthly normals for May
        ...     data = await client.get_normals('M', 2021, mm1=5, dd1=1)
        ...     # Get 10-day period normals (early May)
        ...     data = await client.get_normals('S', 2021, mm1=5, dd1=100)
    """
    if mm2 is None:
        mm2 = mm1
    if dd2 is None:
        dd2 = dd1

    params = {
        'norm': norm,
        'tmst': str(tmst),
        'stn': str(stn),
        'MM1': str(mm1),
        'DD1': str(dd1),
        'MM2': str(mm2),
        'DD2': str(dd2),
        'help': '1',
    }
    return await self._make_request('sfc_norm1.php', params)